Heavy Industry Power Atlas

Decarbonising heavy industry needs vast amounts of cheap clean power, and Europe's sun, wind and land are unevenly spread. In this atlas every plant in the EU, Norway, Switzerland and the UK runs behind the meter: it supplies itself from solar, wind, batteries, hydrogen storage, small nuclear reactors or gas with carbon capture built in its own region, and takes no power from the grid.

Its electricity cost is an average cost per MWh. For each plant, the model picks the cheapest mix that covers its demand in every month, by day and by night. It then divides that mix's total yearly cost (building and financing the plants and storage, running them, fuel and CO₂) by the electricity the plant uses in a year.

Three cases are compared: plants stay put, move within today's grid and industrial clusters, or go wherever power is cheapest. The difference shows where existing plants could relocate, and where new industrial capacity should be built.